Meta-heuristic optimization algorithms have become very popular nowadays in solving optimization problems. By using this group of algorithms, many engineering problems can be solved easily and away from complexity. Nephron Optimization Algorithm (NOA) is one of these algorithms. This algorithm is inspired by the functioning of the nephron in the human kidney. The structure of the NOA algorithm proposed in this article according to the behavior of the nephron consists of 4 parts; Separation, absorption, transpiration, and excretion. In order to evaluate the performance, the results of NAO algorithm and five other famous optimization algorithms on seven optimization problems have been investigated. In this evaluation, two measures of solution quality (objective function) and computational solution time are considered for evaluation and comparison. The results show that the NAO algorithm found the best objective function in a certain time compared to other algorithms and also obtained the optimal solution of the seven studied problems in less time than other algorithms
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